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Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 74(1): 41-54, ene.-feb. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888595

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Background: This systematic review aims to report the current knowledge of retinoblastoma (Rb) and its implications in Mexico. We analyzed clinical and demographic data of patients with Rb at select hospitals with Rb programs or that treat and refer patients with Rb, and identified the gaps in practice. We propose solutions to improve diagnosis, provide adequate treatment, and improve patient uptake. Methods: A general review was conducted on PubMed of peer-reviewed literature on Rb in Mexico. Ophthalmology Department Heads or Directors of Rb programs at seven hospitals in Mexico were contacted for data available on their patients with Rb. Results: Five hospitals provided clinical data on 777 patients with Rb in a period spanning 2000-2015. Of the 122 patients with treatment, 83.4% underwent enucleation. From 33 to 45.3% of Rb tumors in Mexico reach an advanced intraocular stage of development. Knowledge of the disease is limited, despite the fact that the Mexican Retinoblastoma Group has elaborated Rb treatment guidelines and is developing a national Rb registry. Especially in the Southern states, prevalence and outcomes are comparable to African and Asian countries, and only few patients are referred to national treatment centers. Only three institutions have comprehensive Rb programs. Conclusions: There is an immediate need in Mexico to expand primary care providers' knowledge of Rb and to expand and upgrade current Rb programs to meet the needs of the population adequately. Diagnosis and care of Rb patients in Mexico can also be improved by the establishment of a national Rb registry and a national early detection program, and by increased use of the national treatment protocol.


Resumen: Introducción: Esta es una revisión sistemática de los conocimientos actuales del retinoblastoma (Rb) y sus implicaciones en los centros de referencia más importantes del país. Se presenta un análisis situacional de los programas de Rb en México, se identificaron las brechas en la práctica, y se proponen soluciones para mejorar el diagnóstico, tratamiento y referencia oportuna de pacientes. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión general de la literatura publicada sobre Rb en México a través de PubMed. Los datos sociodemográficos de pacientes con Rb fueron obtenidos a través de los directores de programas de retinoblastoma en siete hospitales. Resultados: Casi una tercera parte de los casos Rb se diagnostican en estadios avanzados. A pesar de la existencia del Grupo Mexicano de Retinoblastoma, el conocimiento de esta patología entre los médicos es limitado. Las diferencias en el tratamiento son notorias en el sur del país, donde la prevalencia y los resultados son comparables con África y Asia. Solamente tres instituciones a nivel nacional tienen un programa establecido de Rb. Conclusiones: Existe la necesidad inmediata de consolidar los programas de Rb para cubrir las necesidades reales de la población. Se requiere mejorar la educación del médico de primer contacto, establecer el registro nacional de casos y el programa de detección temprana, establecer los programas de salvamento ocular nacional, y reforzar las instituciones que brindan tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Retinoblastoma/diagnosis , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Retinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Retinoblastoma/therapy , Retinoblastoma/epidemiology , Registries , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Prevalence , Retinal Neoplasms/therapy , Retinal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Mexico/epidemiology
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